Dermatology and Cosmetic Medicine

Acne and Rosacea

Acne and Rosacea are common skin conditions that can significantly impact an individual's appearance and self-esteem. Both conditions often affect the face, but they have distinct causes, symptoms, and treatments.Acne is primarily a disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands, commonly occurring during adolescence due to hormonal changes. It is characterized by the presence of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), pustules, papules, and sometimes cysts. These lesions result from a combination of excess oil production, clogged pores, bacteria, and inflammation. Acne can appear on the face, neck, chest, back, and shoulders. Treatment options include topical and oral medications like retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and hormonal therapies.Rosacea, on the other hand, is a chronic inflammatory condition that usually begins in adulthood. It is marked by facial redness, visible blood vessels (telangiectasia), and often small, red, pus-filled bumps resembling acne. However, unlike acne, rosacea can also cause burning or stinging sensations, and in severe cases, it can lead to a thickening of the skin, especially around the nose (rhinophyma). The exact cause of rosacea is unknown, but factors such as genetics, immune system overreaction, and environmental triggers (like sunlight, spicy foods, and alcohol) can exacerbate the condition. Treatment typically involves topical and oral antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and lifestyle modifications to avoid triggers.